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Objectives


Objectives

The National Project on Aquifer Management is designed to develop a systematic understanding of groundwater resources across diverse hydrogeological settings. By mapping aquifers at national, regional, and local scales, the initiative aims to characterize subsurface formations, their storage capacity, and the dynamics that govern recharge and discharge. This foundational knowledge supports informed decisions about how groundwater can be used without compromising long-term availability, forming the backbone of sustainable water governance in varied geologic and hydrologic environments throughout the country.

A central objective of the program is the assessment of aquifer behavior under different stresses, including natural variability and anthropogenic pressures. Through field investigations, hydrogeological studies, and expert committee guidance, the project seeks to delineate aquifer systems, identify vulnerable zones, and evaluate the sustainability of extraction. Integrating geologic mapping with hydrologic analysis allows for a clearer picture of groundwater flow, making it possible to recommend management practices that align with local conditions and broader regional strategies for resource protection.

The initiative also emphasizes the development of standardized methodologies and technical guidelines that can be applied consistently across states and union territories. By establishing manuals and pilot study protocols, the program intends to create a unified framework for aquifer characterization and management planning. Such standardization ensures that data collected in different regions can be compared meaningfully, supporting coordinated action on groundwater sustainability regardless of administrative boundaries, and reinforcing the institutional capacity needed for long-term aquifer stewardship nationwide.

Equally important is the project's commitment to stakeholder engagement and knowledge dissemination. Aquifer management requires collaboration between scientific institutions, government bodies, and local communities who depend on groundwater for drinking water, agriculture, and industry. The program encourages outreach through documentation, media coverage, and accessible resources, helping translate technical findings into practical guidance. This inclusive approach aims to build awareness of aquifer systems and the importance of balanced extraction, fostering shared responsibility for protecting a critical natural resource across diverse regions and communities.

At its foundation, the project reflects a long-term vision for groundwater sustainability in a country where aquifers support livelihoods, ecosystems, and economic activity. By combining scientific study, policy support, and field-level execution, the initiative contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how aquifer systems function and how they can be managed responsibly. The overarching goal is to ensure that groundwater remains a reliable resource for future generations, aligning national priorities with regional realities and reinforcing the strategic importance of aquifer science within broader water resources planning.

Considering the existing issues of ground water over-exploitation, contamination and other related issues, Central Ground Water Board under MoWR, RD & GR has embarked upon the new initiative of Aquifer Mapping and Management Programme. The programme has been taken up under Ground Water Management and Regulation Plan Scheme of XII plan. Major objectives of the programme are

  • Delineation and characterization of aquifers in three dimensions
  • Identification and quantification of issues
  • Development of management plans to ensure sustainability of ground water resources.

Under the initiative, management plans for each aquifer system are being prepared suggesting various interventions to optimize ground water withdrawal and identifying aquifers with portable groundwater for drinking purpose in quality affected areas. The management options also includes identification of feasible area for artificial recharge to ground water and water conservation which help in arresting declining water levels besides demand side management option including crop diversification, increasing water use efficiency etc.